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Cash Stream Valuation In the Face of Transaction Costs and Taxes

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  • Jaime Cuevas Dermody
  • R. Tyrrell Rockafellar

Abstract

The usual notion of every future cash stream having a net present value determined from a single term structure breaks down when transaction costs are taken into account, especially the sizable costs associated with short‐borrowing. the difficulties are compounded by taxes, which can lead to paradoxes of disequilibrium if elementary NPV is assumed to be a rational basis for decision making. This paper systematically develops a theory of valuation which overcomes these shortcomings by accepting the multiplicity of no‐arbitrage term structures that may be present for each tax class of investors, and uses the entire set of them to impute both a “long price” and a “short price” for every cash stream, regardless of the sign of the future payments. the valuation operators giving these prices are nonlinear but readily calculated from linear programming formulas.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaime Cuevas Dermody & R. Tyrrell Rockafellar, 1991. "Cash Stream Valuation In the Face of Transaction Costs and Taxes," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 1(1), pages 31-54, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:mathfi:v:1:y:1991:i:1:p:31-54
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9965.1991.tb00003.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Teemu Pennanen, 2014. "Optimal investment and contingent claim valuation in illiquid markets," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 18(4), pages 733-754, October.
    2. Radu Tunaru, 2015. "Model Risk in Financial Markets:From Financial Engineering to Risk Management," World Scientific Books, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., number 9524, August.
    3. Flåm, Sjur, 2007. "Option Pricing by Mathematical Programming," Working Papers 2007:10, Lund University, Department of Economics.
    4. Marcus Becker & Andreas Löffler, 2024. "Arbitrage and non-linear taxes," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 18(12), pages 3487-3514, December.
    5. Alet Roux & Tomasz Zastawniak, 2016. "Game options with gradual exercise and cancellation under proportional transaction costs," Papers 1612.02312, arXiv.org.
    6. Stefan Jaschke & Richard Stehle & Stephan Wernicke, 2000. "Arbitrage und die Gültigkeit des Barwertprinzips im Markt für Bundeswertpapiere," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 52(5), pages 440-468, August.
    7. Elyès Jouini, 2003. "Market imperfections , equilibrium and arbitrage," Post-Print halshs-00167131, HAL.
    8. Birge, John R. & Yang, Song, 2007. "A model for tax advantages of portfolios with many assets," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(11), pages 3269-3290, November.
    9. Stehle, Richard & Jaschke, Stefan R. & Wernicke, S., 1998. "Tax clientele effects in the German bond market," SFB 373 Discussion Papers 1998,11, Humboldt University of Berlin, Interdisciplinary Research Project 373: Quantification and Simulation of Economic Processes.
    10. Teemu Pennanen & Ari-Pekka Perkkiö, 2018. "Convex duality in optimal investment and contingent claim valuation in illiquid markets," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 733-771, October.
    11. Teemu Pennanen & Ari-Pekka Perkkio, 2016. "Convex duality in optimal investment and contingent claim valuation in illiquid markets," Papers 1603.02867, arXiv.org.
    12. Teemu Pennanen, 2008. "Arbitrage and deflators in illiquid markets," Papers 0807.2526, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2009.
    13. Paolo Guasoni & Mikl'os R'asonyi, 2015. "Hedging, arbitrage and optimality with superlinear frictions," Papers 1506.05895, arXiv.org.
    14. Liu, Sheen & Shi, Jian & Wang, Junbo & Wu, Chunchi, 2007. "How much of the corporate bond spread is due to personal taxes?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(3), pages 599-636, September.
    15. Frank Milne & Edwin H. Neave, 2003. "A General Equilibrium Financial Asset Economy With Transaction Costs And Trading Constraints," Working Paper 1082, Economics Department, Queen's University.
    16. López, Susana, 2000. "Envelopes for the term structure of interest rates," DEE - Working Papers. Business Economics. WB 9966, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Economía de la Empresa.
    17. Napp, Clotilde, 2001. "Pricing issues with investment flows Applications to market models with frictions," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 383-408, June.
    18. Tokarz, Krzysztof & Zastawniak, Tomasz, 2006. "American contingent claims under small proportional transaction costs," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 65-85, December.
    19. Alet Roux & Tomasz Zastawniak, 2006. "A counter-example to an option pricing formula under transaction costs," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 10(4), pages 575-578, December.
    20. Teemu Pennanen, 2011. "Arbitrage and deflators in illiquid markets," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 15(1), pages 57-83, January.
    21. Bjarne Jensen, 2009. "Valuation before and after tax in the discrete time, finite state no arbitrage model," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 91-123, January.
    22. Ioannides, Michalis, 2003. "A comparison of yield curve estimation techniques using UK data," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 1-26, January.
    23. Baccara, Mariagiovanna & Battauz, Anna & Ortu, Fulvio, 2006. "Effective securities in arbitrage-free markets with bid-ask spreads at liquidation: a linear programming characterization," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 30(1), pages 55-79, January.

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