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Long‐Run Profit Maximization: An Empirical Test

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  • John R. Hiller*

Abstract

The present paper attempts a more direct test of the growth and profit maximizing theories of the firm, than previously presented. The approach is to estimate directly the marginal rates of return on investment for individual firms and individual years, over time, for a sample of large U.S. industrial corporations. The marginal rate of return estimates are then statistically compared to several cost of capital series, on a year‐by‐year basis. Substantial, prolonged, and statistically significant overinvestment is discovered, casting doubt on the profit maximizing conditions but supporting the growth theory of the firm. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Wachstums‐ und die Profitmaximierungsaypothese der Unternehmung empirisch überprüft. Mit Hilfe einer Stichprobe grosser amerikanischer Industrieunternehmen werden die Grenzerträge der Investitionen einzelner in Firmen in bestimmten Jahren für einen längeren Zeitraum geschätzt. Die ermittelten Grenzerträge werden anschliessend mit den Kapitalkosten verglichen, wobei verschiedene Zeitreihen verwendet werden. Es kann eine statistisch signifikante, starke and anhaltende Tendenz zum Übernvestieren nachgewiesen werden. Dies lässt einerseits Zweifel an der Gültigkeit der Profitmaximierungshypothese aufkommen and bestätigt anderseits die Wachstumshypothese der Unternehmung. Le présent travail est un essai de vérification empirique de la théorie de la croissance et de la maximisation du profit dans l'entreprise. Le rapport marginal d'investissements effectués lors de certaines années sur une période relativement étendue est estimé sur la base d'un échantillon de grandes entreprises industrielles américaines. Les estimations ainsi obtenues sont ensuite comparées au coat du capital établi à l'aide de plusieurs séries chronologiques. Il en ressort une tendance forte, durable et statistiquement significative au surinvestissement. Ce résultat met en doute la validité de la théorie de la maximisation du profit tout en confirmant la théorie de la croissance de l'entreprise.

Suggested Citation

  • John R. Hiller*, 1978. "Long‐Run Profit Maximization: An Empirical Test," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(3), pages 475-490, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:31:y:1978:i:3:p:475-490
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1978.tb00653.x
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