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Interest Rates, Money Growth Rates, Inflation And The ‘Ease’ Or ‘Tightness, Of Money

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  • Roger N. Waud

Abstract

This paper argues that definite statements can not be made on a priori grounds alone regarding the behavior of interest rates, rates of money growth, and rates of price change as they relate to the ‘ease’ or ‘tightness’ of money. The basic analytical framework is the familiar Metzler‐type model with monetary and fiscal controls added to allow the government to conduct open‐market operations and levy a lump‐sum income tax. This framework is extended in such a manner that explicit recognition is given to the effects of the rate of growth of the nominal money supply on the simultaneous determination of the nominal interest rate, the real interest rate, the rate of growth of real output, and therate of inflation (or deflation). Auf Grund von a priori‐Argumenten allein können keine definitiven Aussagen uber das Verhalten von Zinssätzen, Wachstumsraten der Geldmenge and Preisänderungen in ihrer Abhängigkeit von der knappen oder reichlichen Geldversorgung gemacht werden. Den Rahmen zur Erläuterung dieser Behauptung liefert das bekannte Modell vom Metzler‐Typ – erweitert urn fiskalische and monetäre Kontrollvariablen, die es der Regierung erlauben, Offenmarktoperationen durchzuführen and eine Kopf‐Einkommenssteuer zu erheben. Die Auswirkungen der Wachstumsrate des nominalen Geldangebots auf nominale and reale Zinssätze, auf die Wachstumsrate des realen and nominalen Volkseinkommens and die Inflationsrate (oder Deflationsrate) werden explizit dargelegt. Sur la base d'arguments a priori uniquement, aucune affirmation définitive n'est possible en ce qui concerne le comportement des taux d'intérêt, des taux de croissance de la monnaie et des taux de variations des prix en relation avec l'importance plus ou moins grande de la masse monétaire. Le cadre analytique fondamental est constitué par le modèle bien connu du type Metzler. Celui‐ci comprend des contrôles monétaires et financiers permettant au gouvernement de conduire des opérations d'open‐market et de prélever un impôt sur le revenu global. Dans le cadre d'un modéle élargi, 1'auteur du présent article expose de facon explicite les effets du taux de croissance de la masse monétaire nominale sur la détermination simultanée des taux d'intérêt nominaux, des taux d'intérêt réels, du taux de croissance de rout‐put réel et du taux d'inflation (ou de déflation).

Suggested Citation

  • Roger N. Waud, 1971. "Interest Rates, Money Growth Rates, Inflation And The ‘Ease’ Or ‘Tightness, Of Money," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(4), pages 722-732, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:24:y:1971:i:4:p:722-732
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1971.tb00629.x
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