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Cross Section Comparisons Of The Structure Of Gnp By Sector Of Origin; Socialist And Western Countries

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  • Paul R. Gregory

Abstract

The industrial structures of the centrally planned economies of Eastern Europe are compared with their Western counterparts in this paper. A general model is first postulated which relates the structure of output—industry, agriculture, services, etc., and manufacturing subsectors—to a set of explanatory variables. An Eastern European and a Western cross section are then fitted and the estimated coefficients are compared with the following results: Whereas structural differences among individual Western countries tend to be ‘explained’ by differences in per capita income, scale, natural resources, and trade utilization, these factors fail to ‘explain’ structural variation within Eastern Europe. Thus the socialist pattern of industrialization tends to the dependent upon different factors peculiar to centrally planned socialism and thus differs from the Western pattern. In dieser Arbeit werden die Industriestrukturen der zentral geleiteten Wirtschaften Osteuropas mit denen der westlichen Wirtschaften verglichen. Zunächst wird ein allgemeines Modell aufgestellt, in dem die Produktionsstrukturen von Industrie, Landwirtschaft, Dienstleistungssektor usw. mit mehreren erklärenden Variablen verbunden werden. Sodann werden Querschnittsvergleiche für die osteuropaischen and für die westeuropäischen Wirtschaften mit diesen Variablen korreliert. Die geschätzten Korrelationskoeffizienten werden mit folgenden Ergebnissen des Modells verglichen: Während strukturelle Unterschiede zwischen westeuropäischen Ländern durch Unterschiede im Pro‐Kopf‐Einkommen, der Grösse, der Ausstattung mit Ressourcen and dem Spezialisierungsgrad erklart werden können, versagen dieselben Variablen bei einem Erklärungsversuch von strukturellen Unterschieden zwischen den Ländern Osteuropas. Die sozialistische Art der Industrialisierung scheint deshalb von anderen, dem zentral geplanten Sozialismus eigenen Faktoren bestimmt zu sein. La présente étude établit une comparaison entre les structures industrielles des économies à planification centralisée de l'Europe de l'Est et celles des économies de l'Europe occidentale. L'auteur du présent article construit tout d'abord un modèle général clans lequel les structures de production de l'industrie, de l'agriculture, du secteur des services, etc., sont reliées par plusieurs variables explicatives. Il fait ensuite des comparaisons transversales, qu'il ajuste entre elles, en ce qui concern à la fois les économies de l'Europe de l'Est et celles de l'Europe occidentale. Les coefficients de corrélation estimés sont ensuite compareés aux résultats suivants: tandis que les différences structurelles entre pays de l'Europe occidentale paraissent pouvoir s'expliquer par des différences en ce qui concerne le revenu par the, la balance, l'état des ressources naturelles et le degré de spécialisation, ces mêmes facteurs, par contre, ne permettent pas d'expliquer les variations structurelles entre les différents pays de l'Europe de l'Est. Le type socialiste d'industrialisation tend àêitre dépendant de différents facteurs et tout particuliérement de la planification socialiste centralisée.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul R. Gregory, 1971. "Cross Section Comparisons Of The Structure Of Gnp By Sector Of Origin; Socialist And Western Countries," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(3), pages 444-454, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:24:y:1971:i:3:p:444-454
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1971.tb00613.x
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