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A Test of the Eclectic Paradigm: Evidence From the U.S. Reinsurance Market

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  • Cassandra R. Cole
  • Ryan B. Lee
  • Kathleen A. McCullough

Abstract

This study provides a test of the eclectic paradigm with data from U.S. reinsurers. The U.S. reinsurance industry provides a unique setting to test the eclectic paradigm due to the extensive data available on U.S. reinsurers and the well‐developed literature related to reinsurance. The ability to test the hypotheses related to the eclectic paradigm in a service industry and incorporate industry‐specific factors adds to the eclectic paradigm literature which has traditionally focused primarily on manufacturing firms. In addition, the application of the eclectic paradigm to the reinsurance industry provides an empirical framework that combines several prior streams of literature which examine the reinsurer's decision to internationalize. The current study includes firm‐specific factors, country‐specific factors of the international markets, and factors related to the U.S. reinsurance industry. This article finds support for traditional factors impacting globalization such as host market size, loss experience, and competitiveness as well as reinsurer's ability to expand based on available capacity. Understanding the importance of firm‐, country‐, and industry‐specific factors is key for managers, as analyzing these issues in isolation may lead to an incomplete picture of the factors impacting the internationalization decision, hindering managers' ability to make decisions that are in the best interest of the firm. With the continued interdependence of the world reinsurance marketplace, as well as the recent expansion of the European Union, internationalization issues are of critical importance not only to U.S. insurers, reinsurers, and regulators, but also to their global counterparts.

Suggested Citation

  • Cassandra R. Cole & Ryan B. Lee & Kathleen A. McCullough, 2007. "A Test of the Eclectic Paradigm: Evidence From the U.S. Reinsurance Market," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 74(2), pages 493-522, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jrinsu:v:74:y:2007:i:2:p:493-522
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6975.2007.00222.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Biener, Christian & Eling, Martin & Jia, Ruo, 2017. "The structure of the global reinsurance market: An analysis of efficiency, scale, and scope," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 213-229.
    2. Muhammed Altuntas & James Garven & Jannes Rauch, 2018. "On the Corporate Demand for Insurance: Evidence From the Global Reinsurance Market," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 21(2), pages 211-242, September.
    3. Tobias Götze & Marc Gürtler, 2022. "Risk transfer beyond reinsurance: the added value of CAT bonds," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 47(1), pages 125-171, January.
    4. J. François Outreville, 2021. "Insurance and foreign direct investment: a review (or lack) of evidence," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 46(2), pages 236-247, April.
    5. Cassandra R. Cole & Kathleen A. McCullough, 2008. "A Comparative Analysis of U.S. Property and Casualty Reinsurers and Insurers," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 11(1), pages 179-207, March.
    6. Yu‐Luen Ma & Nat Pope, 2008. "Foreign Share, Insurance Density, and Penetration: An Analysis of the International Life Insurance Market," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 11(2), pages 327-347, September.
    7. Biener, Christian & Eling, Martin & Jia, Ruo, 2016. "The Roles of Industry Idiosyncrasy, Cost Efficiency, and Risk in Internationalization: Evidence from the Insurance Industry," Working Papers on Finance 1602, University of St. Gallen, School of Finance.
    8. Han, I & Liang, Hsin-Yu & Chan, Kam C., 2016. "Locational concentration and institutional diversification: Evidence from foreign direct investments in the banking industry," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 185-199.
    9. Zheng, Dan & Shi, Minjun, 2018. "Industrial land policy, firm heterogeneity and firm location choice: Evidence from China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 58-67.
    10. Thomas R. Berry‐Stölzle & Muhammed Altuntas, 2010. "Feature Article: A Resource‐Based Perspective on Business Strategies of Newly Founded Subsidiaries: The Case of German Pensionsfonds," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 13(2), pages 173-193, September.
    11. Assaf, A. George & Josiassen, Alexander & Agbola, Frank W., 2015. "Attracting international hotels: Locational factors that matter most," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 329-340.
    12. Muhammed Altuntas & Gerrit Gößmann, 2016. "The Relationship Between Home Market Performance and Internationalization Decisions: Evidence From German Insurance Groups," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 19(1), pages 37-71, March.

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