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Quid Pro Quo? What Factors Influence IPO Allocations to Investors?

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  • TIM JENKINSON
  • HOWARD JONES
  • FELIX SUNTHEIM

Abstract

Using data from all of the leading international investment banks on 220 initial public offerings (IPOs) raising $160 billion between January 2010 and May 2015, we test the determinants of IPO allocations. We compare investors’ IPO allocations with proxies for their information production during bookbuilding and the broking (and other) revenues they generate for bookrunners. We find evidence consistent with information revelation theories. We also find strong support for the existence of a quid pro quo whereby broking revenues are a significant determinant of investors’ IPO allocations and profits. The quid pro quo remains when we control for unobserved investor characteristics and investor‐bank relationships.

Suggested Citation

  • Tim Jenkinson & Howard Jones & Felix Suntheim, 2018. "Quid Pro Quo? What Factors Influence IPO Allocations to Investors?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 73(5), pages 2303-2341, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jfinan:v:73:y:2018:i:5:p:2303-2341
    DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12703
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    Cited by:

    1. James, Kevin R. & Valenzuela, Marcela, 2020. "The efficient IPO market hypothesis: theory and evidence," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 104020, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. Patrick M. Corrigan, 2022. "Does an initial public offering (IPO) issuer's Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee calculation method predict pricing revisions and IPO underpricing?," Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 19(4), pages 1114-1147, December.
    3. Hiraki, Takato & Honda, Toshiki & Ito, Akitoshi & Liu, Ming, 2021. "Banks, IPO underwriting, and allocation in Japan," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    4. Xin Li & Zhuming Chen, 2023. "Strategic interaction between institutional investors and supervision department: a theoretical analysis of low-price collusion in SBIC," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 9(1), pages 1-36, December.
    5. Kanis Saengchote & Jananya Sthienchoak, 2020. "Mutual Fund Participation in IPOs: Thai Evidence," PIER Discussion Papers 131, Puey Ungphakorn Institute for Economic Research.
    6. Allen Michel & Jacob Oded & Israel Shaked, 2021. "What determines institutional investors' holdings in IPO firms?," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 21(4), pages 1302-1333, December.
    7. Hiraki, Takato & Ito, Akitoshi, 2023. "Two-step price adjustments of IPO book building in Japan," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    8. Ma, Xinru & He, Jingbin & Liao, Jingchi, 2021. "Does decision fatigue affect institutional bidding behavior? Evidence from Chinese IPO market," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 1-12.
    9. Abdul Rasheed & Muhammad Khalid Sohail & Shahab-Ud Din & Muhammad Ijaz, 2018. "How Do Investment Banks Price Initial Public Offerings? An Empirical Analysis of Emerging Market," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-19, September.
    10. Chi, Yeguang & He, Jingbin & Ma, Xinru & Wu, Fei, 2023. "Institutional investor inattention bias in auctioned IPOs," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    11. He, Jingbin & Ma, Xinru & Liao, Jingchi, 2021. "Preference for bid time in hybrid auctioned IPOs: Evidence from China," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    12. Nefedova, Tamara & Pratobevera, Giuseppe, 2020. "Do institutional investors play hide-and-sell in the IPO aftermarket?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    13. Saengchote, Kanis & Sthienchoak, Jananya, 2020. "Strategic participation in IPOs by affiliated mutual funds: Thai evidence," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    14. Genc, Egemen & Shirley, Sara E. & Stark, Jeffrey R. & Tran, Hai, 2023. "Finding information in obvious places: Work connections and mutual fund investment ideas," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    15. Moran, Pablo & Pandes, J. Ari, 2019. "Elite law firms in the IPO market," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 1-1.
    16. Nikolova, Stanislava & Wang, Liying & Wu, Juan (Julie), 2020. "Institutional allocations in the primary market for corporate bonds," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(2), pages 470-490.
    17. Zhou, Zhong-guo & Hussein, Monica & Deng, Qi, 2021. "ChiNext IPOs' initial returns before and after the 2013 stock market reform: What can we learn?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(C).
    18. Güçbilmez, Ufuk & Ó Briain, Tomás, 2021. "Bidding styles of institutional investors in IPO auctions," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    19. Gaurab Aryal & Zhaohui Chen & Yuchi Yao & Chris Yung, 2022. "Security Issuance, Institutional Investors and Quid Pro Quo," Papers 2211.16643, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2024.
    20. Arnab Bhattacharya & Binay Bhushan Chakrabarti & Chinmoy Ghosh & Milena Petrova, 2020. "Innovations in financing: The impact of anchor investors in Indian IPOs," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 26(4), pages 1059-1106, September.
    21. James, Kevin R. & Valenzuela, Marcela, 2019. "The efficient IPO market hypothesis: theory and evidence," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118934, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    22. Chi, Yeguang & He, Jingbin & Ma, Xinru & Wu, Fei, 2023. "Air pollution and institutional investors' valuation bias during initial public offerings," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).

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