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Comparative Analysis of Extended Producer Responsibility Policy in the United States and Canada

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  • Garth T. Hickle

Abstract

This article analyzes the policy choices and programmatic elements of extended producer responsibility (EPR) as implemented in the United States and Canada. The article traces the historical development of EPR in each country and defines common features of EPR in each nation. The U.S. states and the Canadian provinces have assumed the primary role, rather than the federal governments, for enacting producer responsibility requirements in their respective countries. However, the paths taken demonstrate several fundamental differences, including the prevalence of individual versus collective responsibility and the financing mechanisms implemented for EPR. Given the deepening experience with EPR and the breadth of its application to a widening array of products in the United States, the Canadian model for EPR is starting to receive more examination from policy makers in the United States, indicating that the policy and programmatic differences between the two nations may eventually be narrowing. The comparative policy analysis is illustrated through the lens of EPR regulatory efforts for waste electronics, with particular profiles of the programs in the State of Minnesota and Province of Ontario. Both approaches broadly reflect many of the policy considerations and governance and programmatic themes that dominate EPR programs in each country. Finally, the article offers recommendations for collaborative work between the United States and Canada to explore consistency between programs and other complementary strategies to support producer responsibility activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Garth T. Hickle, 2013. "Comparative Analysis of Extended Producer Responsibility Policy in the United States and Canada," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 17(2), pages 249-261, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:inecol:v:17:y:2013:i:2:p:249-261
    DOI: 10.1111/jiec.12020
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    Cited by:

    1. Yan Ma & Susu Cheng, 2023. "Channel coordination in a closed‐loop supply chain with fairness concerns under further extended producer responsibility," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(2), pages 876-891, March.
    2. Jakob T. Pruess, 2023. "Unraveling the complexity of extended producer responsibility policy mix design, implementation, and transfer dynamics in the European Union," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 27(6), pages 1500-1520, December.
    3. Hickle, Garth T., 2014. "An examination of governance within extended producer responsibility policy regimes in North America," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 55-65.
    4. Saidia Ali & Farid Shirazi, 2022. "A Transformer-Based Machine Learning Approach for Sustainable E-Waste Management: A Comparative Policy Analysis between the Swiss and Canadian Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-22, October.
    5. Işıl Alev & Ximin (Natalie) Huang & Atalay Atasu & L. Beril Toktay, 2019. "A Case Discussion on Market‐Based Extended Producer Responsibility: The Minnesota Electronics Recycling Act," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 23(1), pages 208-221, February.
    6. Amit Kumar & Maria Holuszko, 2016. "Electronic Waste and Existing Processing Routes: A Canadian Perspective," Resources, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-19, November.

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