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Religion and Rehabilitation: Humanitarian Biopolitics, City Spaces and Acts of Religion

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  • YASMEEN ARIF

Abstract

Episodes of urban violence, particularly those inflected by religious sectarianism, have a particular dynamic of ordering urban spaces and identity publics, not just during the episodes themselves but long after. Using sketches of urban violence in Lebanon (Beirut) and India (Delhi and Ahmedabad), this article focuses on an emerging phenomenon associated with such episodes — one that orders city spaces around rehabilitative activities in such a way that these spaces, in both material and experiential terms, bear an integral relationship with aspects of religious activity. Religiously motivated aid practices, channeled through faith‐based relief organizations, enumerate vulnerable populations and circumscribe their continued survival within bounded spatial entities, especially in those contexts where long‐term ‘secular’ or state‐sponsored rehabilitative effort is lacking. These processes of emplacing religiously marked populations in urban environments suggest the potential for a religiously coded bio‐politics, or a practice of governmentality that puts agents other than the state in a position of exerting power over continued social life. The three sketches variously illustrate how the intertwining of religion with survival within contemporary urban socio‐spatial formations suggest powerful intimacies between religion and individual or community life, which at the same time make place for alternative claims of governance, security and citizenship. Résumé Les épisodes de violence urbaine, notamment s’ils sont teintés de sectarisme religieux, présentent une dynamique particulière de classement des espaces urbains et des publics identitaires, à la fois pendant les événements et longtemps après. À partir de scènes de violence urbaine survenues au Liban (Beyrouth) et en Inde (Delhi et Ahmedabad), cet article s’intéresse à un phénomène qui se dessine conjointement et ordonne les espaces de la ville autour d’activités de réinsertion de sorte que ces espaces comportent, tant en termes matériels que d’expérience, une relation intrinsèque avec certains aspects d’une activité religieuse. Des aides motivées par la religion, dispensées par des organismes d’assistance aux fondements religieux, recensent les populations vulnérables et confinent leur survie future dans des entités spatiales circonscrites, notamment si les efforts de réinsertion à long terme “laïcs” ou financés par l’État sont insuffisants. Ces processus d’implantation de populations étiquetées sur le plan religieux laissent entrevoir la possibilité d’une biopolitique codifiée par la foi, ou d’une pratique de gouvernement qui permet à des agents autres que l’État d’exercer un pouvoir sur la pérennité de la vie sociale. Les trois événements illustrent diversement comment l’intrication entre religion et survie au sein de formations socio‐spatiales urbaines contemporaines sous‐entend de puissantes proximités entre religion et vie communautaire ou individuelle, lesquelles laissent simultanément le champ à des revendications alternatives en matière de gouvernance, de sécurité et de citoyenneté.

Suggested Citation

  • Yasmeen Arif, 2008. "Religion and Rehabilitation: Humanitarian Biopolitics, City Spaces and Acts of Religion," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(3), pages 671-689, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:32:y:2008:i:3:p:671-689
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2008.00804.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Alessandro Coppola & Alberto Vanolo, 2015. "Normalising autonomous spaces: Ongoing transformations in Christiania, Copenhagen," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 52(6), pages 1152-1168, May.
    2. Mary Hancock & Smriti Srinivas, 2008. "Spaces of Modernity: Religion and the Urban in Asia and Africa," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(3), pages 617-630, September.

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