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Tenement City: The Emergence of Multi‐storey Districts Through Large‐scale Private Landlordism in Nairobi

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  • MARIE HUCHZERMEYER

Abstract

Large‐scale private landlordism dominates low‐income housing provision in Nairobi, with extreme residential densities in districts where rooming tenements reach seven floors above ground. This trend differs from the small‐scale private landlordism, predominantly with owner occupation, which has been documented for the developing world. Nairobi's large‐scale multi‐storey private rental has remained unmentioned in housing and tenure literature on the developing world. The terms ‘tenement’ and ‘tenement city’ are largely associated with nineteenth and early twentieth century rental investment in Europe and the US when cities were shaped by the profit‐making interests of landlords. In this article, two case studies of tenement areas in Nairobi, low‐income Huruma and middle‐income Umoja Inner Core, are analysed in terms of the evolution of the tenement investment and current residential densities. The ongoing, mostly unauthorized construction of tenements suggests that Nairobi could be termed a tenement city, a reality that is not currently addressed by the urban discourse. Résumé A Nairobi, la propriété privée à grande échelle domine l'offre de logements à faible loyer, avec des densités résidentielles extrêmes dans des quartiers où les immeubles de rapport proposant des chambres s'élèvent sur sept étages. Cette tendance se distingue de la propriété privée à petite échelle, occupée essentiellement par le propriétaire, décrite pour les pays en développement. La location à grande échelle dans les immeubles privés à plusieurs étages de Nairobi n'a jamais été abordée dans les travaux sur le logement ou ses modes d'occupation dans les pays en développement. ‘Immeuble de rapport’ et ‘cité ouvrière’ sont des expressions associées d'abord aux investissements pratiqués dans le logement locatif au XIXe et au début du XXe siècle, en Europe et aux Etats‐Unis, lorsque l'urbanisme était dicté par les intérêts mercantiles des propriétaires. Cet article présente deux études de cas de quartiers locatifs de Nairobi, l'un à faible revenu (Huruma), l'autre à revenu moyen (Umoja Inner Core). L'analyse s'appuie sur l'évolution de l'investissement dans les immeubles de rapport et sur les densités résidentielles courantes. Compte tenu de la construction actuelle — sauvage le plus souvent — d'immeubles de rapport, Nairobi pourrait être qualifiée de cité ouvrière, une réalité ignorée pour le moment par les débats urbains.

Suggested Citation

  • Marie Huchzermeyer, 2007. "Tenement City: The Emergence of Multi‐storey Districts Through Large‐scale Private Landlordism in Nairobi," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(4), pages 714-732, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:31:y:2007:i:4:p:714-732
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2007.00751.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Carole Rakodi, 1995. "Rental Tenure in the Cities of Developing Countries," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 32(4-5), pages 791-811, May.
    2. Amis, Philip, 1984. "Squatters or tenants: the commercialization of unauthorized housing in Nairobi," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 87-96, January.
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    2. Campbell, Kayleigh B. & Rising, James A. & Klopp, Jacqueline M. & Mbilo, Jacinta Mwikali, 2019. "Accessibility across transport modes and residential developments in Nairobi," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 77-90.
    3. Wangui Kimari, 2018. "Activists, care work, and the ‘cry of the ghetto’ in Nairobi, Kenya," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 4(1), pages 1-7, December.
    4. Colin Mcfarlane, 2010. "The Comparative City: Knowledge, Learning, Urbanism," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(4), pages 725-742, December.
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    6. Eddie Chi Man Hui & Ka Hung Yu & Yinchuan Ye, 2014. "Housing Preferences of Temporary Migrants in Urban China in the wake of Gradual Hukou Reform: A Case Study of Shenzhen," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(4), pages 1384-1398, July.

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