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Permitting Protest: Parsing the Fine Geography of Dissent in America

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  • DON MITCHELL
  • LYNN A. STAEHELI

Abstract

The ability to dissent and to protest is a cornerstone of western liberal democracies. But dissent always threatens to exceed its bounds and to become a threat. The issue facing liberal states, then, has not only been how to incorporate dissent, but also how to shape dissent. In this project, the politics of public space has assumed a central role, as material public spaces have become a primary venue for the shaping of dissent. This article examines the ways in which dissent is incorporated into the liberal democratic state through a case study of protest in Washington, DC. In that city, as in others throughout North America and Western Europe, protest permit systems have evolved as a bureaucratic means to actively shape, if not directly control, public dissent. And yet, even as permit systems are becoming fully regularized, debates over their legitimacy suggest that geographically based permit systems might be inadequate to the task of incorporating dissent. As we indicate, recent protest activity shows just how important geography is to regulating, incorporating and policing dissent, even as those protests expose just how blunt and how fragile a tool that geography is. Pouvoir être en désaccord et le manifester est l’une des pierres angulaires des démocraties libérales occidentales. Pourtant, le désaccord risque toujours de dépasser ses limites pour devenir une menace. La difficulté rencontrée par les États libéraux n’était pas tant d’intégrer la divergence d’opinion que de la façonner. Dans ce projet, la politique d’espace public a joué un rôle central, les espaces publics physiques étant devenus un site primordial pour ce façonnage. Les méthodes d’intégration du désaccord dans l’État démocratique libéral apparaissent à travers l’étude de cas de la protestation à Washington DC. Là, comme dans d’autres villes d’Amérique du Nord et d’Europe de l’Ouest, les systèmes d’autorisation de manifestation ont évolué en un moyen bureaucratique de façonner effectivement, si ce n’est maîtriser directement, le dissentiment public. Pourtant, tandis que ces systèmes se régularisent totalement, la mise en cause de leur légitimité suggère que les régimes d’autorisation de type géographique seraient inappropriés pour intégrer le désaccord. Récemment, l’activité de protestation a démontré l’importance de la géographie pour réguler, intégrer et contrôler le dissentiment, même si ces manifestations révèlent aussi combien la géographie est un outil limité et fragile.

Suggested Citation

  • Don Mitchell & Lynn A. Staeheli, 2005. "Permitting Protest: Parsing the Fine Geography of Dissent in America," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(4), pages 796-813, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:29:y:2005:i:4:p:796-813
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00622.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Till F Paasche & Richard Yarwood & James D Sidaway, 2014. "Territorial Tactics: The Socio-spatial Significance of Private Policing Strategies in Cape Town," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 51(8), pages 1559-1575, June.
    2. Hristijan Popovski & Alison Young, 2023. "Small Things in Everyday Places: Homelessness, Dissent and Affordances in Public Space," The British Journal of Criminology, Centre for Crime and Justice Studies, vol. 63(3), pages 727-747.
    3. Kowalewski Maciej & Ostrowski Marek, 2024. "Protests in urban environments: review and research agenda," Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development, Sciendo, vol. 28(3), pages 127-131.
    4. Lynn A. Staeheli & Don Mitchell, 2006. "USA's Destiny? Regulating Space and Creating Community in American Shopping Malls," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 43(5-6), pages 977-992, May.
    5. Susan G. Blickstein, 2010. "Automobility and the Politics of Bicycling in New York City," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(4), pages 886-905, December.
    6. Paul Routledge, 2010. "Introduction: Cities, Justice and Conflict," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 47(6), pages 1165-1177, May.

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