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Ethnic minority participation in British and French cities: a historical–institutionalist perspective

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  • Romain Garbaye

Abstract

In this article, I set out to explain cross–national variations between styles of ethnic minority incorporation in the conventional political systems of British and French cities. To this aim, I draw inspiration from, and refine, institutionalist approaches to minority participation. I focus on a comparison of two cases, Birmingham (England) and Lille (France). I construct a parsimonious explanatory framework focused on three institutional factors: central–local relations in each country and local party politics and styles of local government in each city. I argue that these elements combine in different ways in each country to produce different local political environments for the politics of ethnic minorities, thereby shaping patterns of participation and conditioning their success, or absence thereof, in the electoral process of cities. Because of local specificities, my two cases are not entirely representative of other cities, but they provide an illustration of the political processes at work in most cities. In Birmingham, minorities participate successfully in Labour party politics, while in Lille, they are submitted to persistent political exclusion at the hands of a powerful Socialist party machine. Cet article vise à expliquer les variations transnationales entre les styles d’intégration des minorités ethniques dans les systèmes politiques classiques de villes britanniques et françaises. Dans ce but, il s’inspire, en les affinant, des approches institutionnalistes de la participation des minorités, et s’appuie sur la comparaison de deux cas: Birmingham (Royaume–Uni) et Lille (France). Ce travail élabore un simplifié cadre explicatif reposant sur trois facteurs institutionnels: les relations central–local dans chaque pays, la politique locale/parti, ainsi que les styles de gouvernement local dans chaque ville. Ces éléments se combinent différemment dans chaque pays et génèrent des environnements politiques locaux distincts pour la politique des minorités ethniques, façonnant ainsi des modèles de participation et conditionnant leur réussite ou échec dans le processus électoral urbain. A cause des spécificités locales, les deux cas ne sont pas tout à fait représentatifs d’autres villes, mais ils illustrent les processus politiques opérant dans la plupart d’entre elles. A Birmingham, les minorités participent avec succès à la politique du parti travailliste tandis qu’à Lille, elles sont soumises à une exclusion politique persistante face à la puissante machine du parti socialiste.

Suggested Citation

  • Romain Garbaye, 2002. "Ethnic minority participation in British and French cities: a historical–institutionalist perspective," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(3), pages 555-570, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:26:y:2002:i:3:p:555-570
    DOI: 10.1111/1468-2427.00398
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    Cited by:

    1. Eva Swyngedouw, 2020. "Reeling in Newcomers: Urban Competition around Migrant Reception in Brussels," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(3), pages 395-414, May.

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