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Deviant Behaviour in St Petersburg

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  • Yakov Gilinskiy

Abstract

Deviant behaviour is one of the most precise barometers of the social, economic, political and moral climate in a society. In this article the author analyses different forms of deviant behaviour in St Petersburg including violent crime, property crime, suicide and drug and alcohol addiction. Two stages in the dynamics of social deviation are identified during the transition period from ‘socialist totalitarianism’ to democracy. The first stage — from mid‐1985 to the end of 1987 — can be characterized by the spiritual and psychological elevation of the population, a sense of liberation and release and the expectation of improvement in standards of living. During this period the level of the main forms of deviant behaviour receded. The second stage begins with the deceleration of economic and political reforms in Russia. This process has been accompanied by an impoverishment in the level and the quality of life and in the basic components of socio‐demographic development and, as a result, by increasing levels of deviant behaviour. The advent of a third stage of economic, social and political stability is difficult to forecast. Our analysis of the official statistics and interviews with the people of St Petersburg leads to the following observation: the absolute and relative quantitative components of the basic forms of deviant behaviour have risen intensely and are near to critical. In addition, organized criminality has reached the level of criminal communities which control not only the great number of criminal organizations and groups but also the economic structures. On the one side, a process of criminalization of business is taking place, on the other, the politicization of organized criminality. In the author's opinion, this tendency of the social, political and economic processes militates against any optimistic prognosis for the immediate future. Le comportement déviant est un des baromètres les plus précis du climat social, économique, politique et moral d'une société. Dans cet article l'auteur analyse les différentes formes de comportement déviant à Saint Petersbourg, y compris les crimes violents, le crime contre la propriété, le suicide et la dependance à la drogue et l'alcool. Deux étapes dans les dynamiques des déviances sociales sont identifiées durant la période de transition du ‘totalitarisme socialiste’à la démocratie. La première phase — du milieu de 1985 à la fin de 1987 — peut être caractérisée par l'élévation spirituelle et psychologique de la population, un sentiment de libéation et de relâchement et l'espoir d'une amélioration du niveau de vie. Durant cette période le niveau des formes principales de déviance baissa. La seconde phase commence avec le ralentissement des réformes politiques et sociales en Russie. Ce processus a été accompagné par un apprauvissement du niveau et de la qualité de la vie et des éléments de base du développement socio‐démographique, et, conséquemment, par un accroîssement des comportements déviants. La venue d'une troisième phase de stabilitééconomique, sociale et politique est difficile à prévoir. Notre analyse des statistiques officielles et des interviews avec les gens de Saint Petesbourg conduit à l'observation suivante: les éléments quantitatifs absolus et relatifs des formes déviantes de base sont beaucoup augmenté et approchent un niveau crucial. De plus, l'organisation criminelle a atteint le niveau de communautés criminelles qui contrôlent non seulement un grand nombre d'organisations et groupes criminels mais aussi les structures économiques. D'un côté, il y a un processus de criminalisation des entreprises et, de l'autre, la politisation des crimes organisés. L'auteur pense que cette tendance des processus sociaux, politicaux et économiques va à l'encontre de tous pronostics optimistes pour le futur immédiat.

Suggested Citation

  • Yakov Gilinskiy, 1997. "Deviant Behaviour in St Petersburg," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(3), pages 454-466, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:21:y:1997:i:3:p:454-466
    DOI: 10.1111/1468-2427.00090
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