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The Impact of Market Maker Competition on Nasdaq Spreads

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  • Klock, Mark
  • McCormick, D Timothy

Abstract

This study utilizes a comprehensive database containing monthly information on the number of market makers for about 5,288 Nasdaq securities over an eight-year period to investigate the impact of competition on spreads. A variety of models are estimated in order to demonstrate the robustness of the results that include four specific findings: (1) the number of market makers has a negative and highly significant impact on spreads; (2) the relationship is nonlinear with a decreasing impact by the marginal market maker; (3) Nasdaq spreads have been declining over time; and (4) structural changes in Nasdaq are associated with significant changes in the relationship between spread and the number of market makers. One improvement over the literature includes allowing endogenous competition through the use of instrumental variables. Copyright 1999 by MIT Press.

Suggested Citation

  • Klock, Mark & McCormick, D Timothy, 1999. "The Impact of Market Maker Competition on Nasdaq Spreads," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 34(4), pages 55-73, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:finrev:v:34:y:1999:i:4:p:55-73
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Joe Chen, 2005. "The Market Structure of Nasdaq Dealer Markets and Quoting Conventions," CARF F-Series CARF-F-040, Center for Advanced Research in Finance, Faculty of Economics, The University of Tokyo.
    2. Youngsoo Kim & Vikas Mehrotra, 2007. "Competition and Market Structure of National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 7(3‐4), pages 143-160, September.
    3. Locke, Peter R. & Sarajoti, Pattarake, 2004. "Aggressive dealer pricing," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(4), pages 559-573, September.
    4. B. Mizrach, 2006. "Does SIZE matter? Liquidity Provision by the Nasdaq Anonymous Trading Facility," Competition and Regulation in Network Industries, Intersentia, vol. 7(4), pages 471-486, December.
    5. Joe Chen, 2005. "The Market Structure of Nasdaq Dealer Markets and Quoting Conventions," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-357, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    6. Kathryn L Dewenter & Xi Han & Jennifer L Koski, 2018. "Who Wins When Exchanges Compete?* Evidence from Competition after Euro Conversion [Equity returns and integration: is Europe changing?]," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 22(6), pages 2037-2071.
    7. Malay Dey & B. Radhakrishna, 2015. "Informed trading, institutional trading, and spread," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 39(2), pages 288-307, April.
    8. Brogaard, Jonathan & Garriott, Corey, 2019. "High-Frequency Trading Competition," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 54(4), pages 1469-1497, August.
    9. Bruce Mizrach, 2002. "The Next Tick on Nasdaq: Does Level II Information Matter?," Departmental Working Papers 200202, Rutgers University, Department of Economics.
    10. Chung, Kee H. & Kim, Youngsoo, 2005. "The dynamics of dealer markets and trading costs," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(12), pages 3041-3059, December.
    11. repec:bla:jfinan:v:58:y:2003:i:6:p:2437-2464 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Naomi Boyd, 2015. "Market making and risk management in options markets," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 1-27, April.
    13. Grigori Erenburg & Janet Kiholm Smith & Richard L. Smith, 2011. "The Paradox of “Fraud‐on‐the‐Market Theory”: Who Relies on the Efficiency of Market Prices?," Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 8(2), pages 260-303, June.
    14. Yan He & Chunchi Wu, 2003. "What Explains the Bid‐Ask Spread Decline after Nasdaq Reforms?," Financial Markets, Institutions & Instruments, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(5), pages 347-376, December.
    15. Chung, Kee H. & Chuwonganant, Chairat & McCormick, D. Timothy, 2004. "Order preferencing and market quality on NASDAQ before and after decimalization," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(3), pages 581-612, March.
    16. Chung, Kee H. & Chuwonganant, Chairat & McCormick, D. Timothy, 2006. "Does internalization diminish the impact of quote aggressiveness on dealer market share?," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 108-131, January.
    17. Marcin Wojtowicz, 2014. "The Determinants of CDS Bid-ask Spreads," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 14-138/IV/ DSF82, Tinbergen Institute.
    18. Zhang, Wei & Huang, Ke & Feng, Xu & Zhang, Yongjie, 2017. "Market maker competition and price efficiency: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 121-131.
    19. Bruce Mizrach, 2008. "The next tick on Nasdaq," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(1), pages 19-40.

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