Unraveling Canine Behavior: Insights into Communication Stress Signals, and Social Interactions

An understanding of canine behavior is fundamental for enhancing human-dog relationships and promoting animal welfare. The review examines the physiological and environmental factors that influence a diverse array of dog behaviors, including yawning, blinking, tail wagging, growling, and sniffing. The primary focus areas include the impact of stress, social interactions, and breed-specific tendencies on behavioral responses. The article investigates how dogs communicate through body language, vocalizations, and postures, establishing connections between these signals and the dog’s emotional and physiological states, particular emphasis is placed on behaviors such as ear posture pawing, and tail movements, underscoring their importance in interpreting stress, aggression, and affection. By synthesizing contemporary research, this review provides valuable insights into how canine behaviors are shaped by environmental stimuli, social dynamics, and evolutionary traits. The findings aim to enhance the comprehension of dog behavior among veterinarians, pet owners, and researchers, thereby fostering improved care, training, and management of companion animals.