Influence of Stigmatization on Mental Health Disorders among Children Associated with Armed Forces or Armed Groups in Borno State: How Important is Perceived Social Support?

This research examined the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between stigmatization and mental health disorders among Children Associated with Armed Forces or Armed Groups (CAAFAGs). The cross-sectional survey involved 169 CAAFAGs selected from 7 Local Government Areas in Borno State who were within the age range of 7 – 17 years with the mean age of 13.48 years (Std.=3.01). The multi-stage sampling involving stratified and purposive techniques was used in selecting the participants. Data were collected using the Stigma Scale, Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL)–12, and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Results from data analysis showed that stigmatization contributed a large percentage to the overall mental health disorders observed among Children Associated with Armed Forces or Armed Groups (CAAFAGs). Specifically, CAAFAGs who were discriminated against had difficulty disclosing their status, exhibited self-stigma and tended to suffer higher mental health disorders (i.e. depression, anxiety and stress). Furthermore, it was found that, although perceived social support could not completely eliminate the effect of stigmatization on mental health disorders, it has the potential to lower the effect of stigmatization (which indicates partial mediation). It was therefore recommended that apart from supporting the CAAFAGs with tangible items like food, water, clothing and shelter, the government and NGOs should further hold community reintegration workshops, dialogue, mediation on reintegration challenges and social cohesion activities that are capable of building the children’s self-esteem and further enhancing their mental health.