The Antibacterial Effect of Aloe Vera Gel Extract against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Gastrointestinal Tract of Poultry Birds

The Antibacterial effect of Aloe vera gel extract against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of poultry birds was investigated. Standard microbiological methods were used for the isolation of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. The prevalence of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus in the droppings of the poultry birds was 89%. The organisms were identified following various biochemical tests, like Gram Staining, catalase test, Coagulase test, Citrate test and Indole test. The antibacterial activity of Aloe vera gel extracts were standardized by plating out 1.05×105 cfu/ml, while serial dilutions of 10-1-10-10 were used to evaluate efficacy of the inhibitory effect using the Agar Gel diffusion method on different concentration on the test organisms. The result shows that Aloe vera gel extract at different concentrations inhibited the growth of the microorganisms. Though there was a higher inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus at 10-1, 13.5 mm and 14.5 mm for Ist and 2nd agar well respectively and a lower inhibitory growth of 8 mm and 8.3 mm at 10-8. There was no inhibition on 10-9 and 10-10, followed by Escherichia coli at 10-1, 11.5 mm and 12.5 mm for Ist and 2nd agar well respectively and a lower inhibitory growth of 10 mm at 10-6. There was no inhibition on 10-7 to 10-10 and lastly Salmonella typhi at 10-1, 10.5 mm and 11.5 mm for Ist and 2nd agar well respectively and a lower inhibitory growth of 9 mm at 10-7. There was no inhibition on 10-8 to 10-10. The study revealed that Aloe vera gel extract possessed antibacterial properties. Therefore, it can be added to the feed of poultry birds as a prophylactic to reduce bacterial infections and would be used to test the natural efficacy of Herbal medicine.