Advancing Health Equity: A Research Review on Culturally Inclusive Healthcare Models for Marginalised Populations

Culturally inclusive healthcare is essential for addressing health disparities and achieving global health equity. This comprehensive analysis explores access-oriented and delivery-oriented models, emphasizing the integration of cultural competence into healthcare systems. Case studies from diverse regions, including community health centres in Canada, the United States of America, India, Finland and the Family Health Program in Brazil, demonstrate the effectiveness of culturally tailored interventions in improving health outcomes. Innovations such as AI-driven personalization, telehealth, and virtual reality training for healthcare providers highlight the role of technology in bridging cultural and linguistic gaps. Despite progress, challenges persist, including resource constraints, systemic biases, and gaps in research on intersectionality and culturally tailored precision health. Recommendations include mandatory cultural competence training, enhanced community engagement, and policy reforms to support inclusive care. The future of culturally inclusive healthcare lies in leveraging technology, fostering global collaboration, and ensuring sustainability. By addressing these priorities, healthcare systems can advance equity and deliver care that respects and responds to the diverse needs of all individuals.