Extent of Implementation of School Based Management (SBM) in Selected Secondary Schools in Camarines Norte: Basis for Policy Recommendation

This study aimed to assess the implementation of School-Based Management (SBM) in secondary schools in Camarines Norte, Philippines focusing on leadership, governance, curriculum, accountability, and resource management. The research sought to explore the schools’ profile, the extent of SBM implementation, and the challenges faced by implementers. The study involved 34 schools and utilized a survey and documentary analysis to gather data. Key findings revealed that 41.2% of schools had populations between 251-500, with the majority being medium-sized. Most schools (85.3%) offered junior and senior high school programs. However, 14.7% had no senior high strands. SBM practices were assessed through various policies such as the School Improvement Plan (SIP) and the School Governance Council (SGC). While the SIP was widely implemented, there were inconsistencies in SGC operations. Notably, none of the schools submitted School Report Cards, affecting transparency. The extent of SBM implementation showed strong performance across all domains, with leadership, governance, and curriculum scoring highly. However, challenges included insufficient stakeholder involvement, irregular SIP reviews, and limited localization of the curriculum. Correlation analysis indicated no significant relationship between the schools’ profile and SBM implementation. Recommendations focused on enhancing leadership structures, curriculum localization, and improved accountability through stakeholder engagement. These suggestions aim to strengthen SBM practices and promote effective school management.