Hydrogen: Properties and its Sustainable Potential

This paper analyzes the thermal properties of hydrogen and its potential as a clean and sustainable energy source. Hydrogen possesses unique characteristics, such as low activation energy, a wide flammability range, high diffusion speed, low density, and high thermal conductivity, all governed by various physical laws. These properties make hydrogen promising for technological and energy applications, with significant implications in terms of safety, economy, and sustainability. In Table 1, we identify the physical and chemical laws that are analyzed and their practical implications for its use in various energy applications, discussing aspects such as storage and safe handling. In Table 2, we indicate the typical values of hydrogen that would allow its use to be optimized and its efficiency maximized in transport, storage, and combustion, mitigating safety and infrastructure risks. In Table 3, we describe the current technologies for hydrogen production, storage, and use, which include methods such as electrolysis, natural gas reforming, and different storage techniques (cryogenic, high pressure, etc.).