Socio-Demographic and Cultural Factors Influencing Male Spouses’ Support for Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women in Kiambu County, Kenya

Cervical cancer remains a significant global health concern, especially in low and middle-income countries, despite the availability of effective screening methods. While various factors contribute to the suboptimal uptake of screening among women of reproductive age, spousal support particularly from male partners has emerged as a crucial element in encouraging participation. This study explores the influence of male partners’ support on cervical cancer screening behavior, examining the socio-demographic, cultural, and regional factors that shape this dynamic. This study employed a cross-sectional survey design to explore the factors influencing cervical cancer screening rates among women and their male partners in Kiambu County, focusing on sociodemographic factors of the male partner as the independent variable and cervical cancer screening uptake among women as the dependent variable. Data was collected from n=384 respondents at Thika and Kiambu Level V hospitals, utilizing structured questionnaires and interviews. Convenience and purposive sampling were used to select participants, while data reliability was ensured through pre-tests and Cronbach’s Alpha (0.71). The study achieved a 98% response rate, analyzed qualitative data through thematic analysis, and quantitative data descriptively, revealing key insights into partner knowledge, cultural influences, and spousal support in cervical cancer screening. This discussion examines the intricate relationship between socio-demographic and cultural factors and male spousal support for cervical cancer screening among female partners’ and reveals a significant knowledge gap among men regarding cervical cancer, its association with HPV, and the importance of preventive measures, which limits their advocacy for their partners’ health. Additionally, traditional gender roles, cultural norms, and societal attitudes create barriers to open communication and collaborative healthcare decision-making within families. Misconceptions, such as the belief that cervical cancer is linked to sexual promiscuity, further fuel stigma and discourage male support for screening. Religious beliefs and fear of societal judgment also contribute to men’s hesitancy in promoting their partners’ participation in screening. The findings emphasize on the need for targeted education initiatives and cultural sensitivity in addressing these barriers, ultimately enhancing male support and improving cervical cancer screening rates.