An Overview on Electric Motors: Classification, Control and Applications

This paper presents an overview on electric motors, including classification, control methods and applications. It will be made clear about components, operating principle and control methods for brushed motors, brushless motors, stepper motors, servo motors and AC motors. Structure of control circuits for above motor types will be represented and analyzed to describe the ability to regulate their rotating speed and change their rotating direction. This paper also introduce an application of electric motors in automatic proof doors and focuses on designing solution and control system. Control problems for the proof door will be proposed to enhance the ability to meet requirements of smart homes and automation of control system. An experimental model using a two-phase three-terminal electric motor will be designed to prove the ability to control a horizontal proof door. Due to using processing contacts, a rain sensor, a light sensor, a remote controller, and an Arduino board, the experimental results will show the capability to operate the proof door automatically in cases of having rain, night time, emergency stop, and stopping at fixed locations. They also showed the ability to apply electric motors in many fields and good adaptability for smart requirements if using control circuits and suitable controllers.