Towards Climate-Resilient WASH Services: A Critical Evaluation of Bangladesh’s Policy Landscape

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services are fundamental to public health and well-being, yet they face significant challenges due to climate change. In Bangladesh, these challenges are compounded by the country’s geographic vulnerability to climate-related hazards such as floods, cyclones, and sea-level rise. Bangladesh’s flat, low-lying topography, high population density, and reliance on agriculture exacerbate its susceptibility to climate-induced disasters, threatening vital sectors including water resources and infrastructure. Integrating climate resilience into WASH strategies is crucial for mitigating these impacts and ensuring sustainable development. This paper reviews national policies and strategies aimed at enhancing climate resilience in the WASH sector in Bangladesh, highlighting successful initiatives and identifying areas where further integration is necessary. The analysis reveals that Bangladesh has developed comprehensive policy frameworks, such as the Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP) and the National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA), which emphasize community-based adaptation and prioritize vulnerable populations. Despite these efforts, significant gaps exist in policy implementation, particularly concerning the alignment of financial resources with strategic objectives. The Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund (BCCTF) has yet to fund specific WASH-related projects, highlighting a disconnect between policy intentions and practical outcomes.