The Impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence on University Information Literacy Education: A Systematic Review from Challenges to Changes

The rapid development of generative AI is transforming university information literacy education by reshaping how students access and process information. This study systematically reviews 49 research papers published between 2020 and 2024, using the PRISMA framework and thematic analysis to explore the applications, impacts, and pedagogical changes associated with generative AI in the field of information literacy education. Results show that generative AI has a wide range of applications in information literacy education, mainly in student learning support, learner-oriented personalized learning, academic research assistants, academic writing assistance, information literacy skills development, and curriculum design and teaching assistance. Generative AI has promoted students’ information retrieval, evaluation skills and critical thinking, but also brought the challenge that over-reliance on AI may weaken students’ critical thinking and information evaluation skills. Important changes in curriculum design and teaching methods are needed to introduce instruction in prompt engineering and computational thinking. The role of the teacher has shifted from knowledge transmitter to learning facilitator, emphasizing the importance of professional basic knowledge and ethical education. Through the results it is find that Generative AI can significantly enhance student learning outcomes and skills development in university information literacy education. However, its application requires caution and must fully consider potential challenges and risks. Through reasonable curriculum design, innovative teaching methods, and policy support, educators can leverage the advantages of Generative AI to cultivate high-quality talent with critical thinking, innovation, and a sense of moral responsibility. As AI technology continues to develop, information literacy education will usher in more innovations and opportunities, bringing new vitality and possibilities to higher education.