Organizational Internal Resources and Sustainable Competitive Advantage Among Faith Based Non -Profit Organizations in Kenya: A Review of the Literature

In the recent years, sociologists and economists have given no much attention to studying Faith Based organizations (FBO's). Their writings raise unresolved issues related to topics within strategic management. This paper highlights the relationship between organizational internal resources and sustainable competitive advantage of FBO's. Looks on the theoretical perspective from strategic management to examine the nature of FBO's for sustainable competitive advantage. Resource-based view, Diffusion of Innovation and Human resource-based theory and Technology adaption theory provide a foundation for analysis the sources of competitive Advantage among FBO's. The paper reviewed publications associated to non-profit organization internal resources and sustainable competitive advantage among faith-based organizations. The study concentrated on publication range of 2010 to 2021 to help identify the publication trends associated to competitive advantage in the context of non-profit related organization. Upto date most of the publication on competitive advantage are associated to business enterprises with very limited data on non-profit related organization. Through in-depth reading the researcher is able to establish core aspect presented in the text, themes, used theoretical model, number of authors and their contributions of the 8 themes which are presented in the study. The study also presented descriptive data which gave insights on two broad patterns where both qualitative and quantitative data are presented. The reviewed data demonstrated that most of the element on competitive advantage was generated from businesses enterprises related studies with only few articles which came from Non-Profit Institutions which has limited data up to this date.