Artificial Intelligence and Energy Efficiency of 5G Radio Access Network

Purpose: This paper is a pioneering study that investigates the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance energy efficiency in 5G Radio Access Networks (RANs). This paper aims to identify AI-driven strategies that can significantly optimize energy consumption in the rapidly evolving 5G network infrastructure, which is essential for meeting the increasing demand for high-speed connectivity. Methodology: The methodology used for this research is a detailed review and analysis of the 5G RAN architecture and its energy dynamics, alongside the exploration of AI applications in optimizing network operations. The study focuses on AI techniques such as resource allocation, traffic prediction, adaptive sleep modes, and fault detection, proposing a holistic approach to energy management in 5G networks. A key contribution of this research is its in-depth examination of AI's role in 5G energy efficiency, highlighting its practical implications and potential for future applications. The paper offers novel insights into the implementation of AI in real-world 5G scenarios and addresses the challenges in transitioning from theoretical models to practical solutions. Findings: The findings reveal that AI integration is a vital step towards reducing the environmental footprint of 5G networks, with AI-based solutions showing promise in enhancing efficiency beyond the inherent capabilities of current 5G technologies. Despite many AI applications being in nascent stages, their potential impact on energy efficiency is significant. Unique contributor to theory, policy and practice: This paper is a valuable guide for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers in telecommunications and environmental sustainability. It provides a clear roadmap for leveraging AI in 5G networks, emphasizing the synergy between technological innovation and ecological responsibility.