Impact of Social Media Usage on Adolescent Self-Esteem in Chad

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of social media usage on adolescent self-esteem in Chad. Materials and Methods: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated a negative correlation, indicating that higher social media use is associated with lower self-esteem, others propose a more nuanced relationship. Factors such as the type of social media activity (e.g., passive scrolling vs. active engagement), the content consumed (e.g., idealized images vs. relatable content), and individual characteristics (e.g., self-esteem levels before social media use) play significant roles. For instance, excessive comparison with idealized images on platforms like Instagram can contribute to feelings of inadequacy and lower self-esteem. On the other hand, active engagement, such as meaningful interactions with peers or participation in supportive communities, may have a positive impact on self-esteem. Moreover, adolescents with higher pre-existing self-esteem may use social media differently, seeking validation or affirmation rather than comparison. Overall, while social media can both positively and negatively influence adolescent self-esteem, the key lies in understanding how usage patterns, content consumption, and individual factors interact to shape these outcomes. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social comparison theory, self-determination theory and uses and gratifications theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the impact of social media usage on adolescent self-esteem in Chad. Foster the creation of positive and supportive online communities specifically designed for adolescents, focusing on interests, hobbies, and mental health support, where positive interactions can enhance self-esteem. Advocate for policies that regulate social media platforms to protect adolescents from harmful content, cyberbullying, and data privacy violations, while promoting transparency and ethical practices.