Effect of Mediterranean Diet on Obesity Rates in Southern Europe

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of Mediterranean diet on obesity rates in Southern Europe. Materials and Methods: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study found that adherence to this dietary pattern promotes healthier body weight and reduces the prevalence of obesity-related conditions. For instance, studies show that populations in countries like Italy and Greece, where the Mediterranean diet is traditionally followed, exhibit lower obesity rates compared to those with diets high in processed foods and sugars. Additionally, the Mediterranean diet's emphasis on physical activity, social meal sharing, and the consumption of minimally processed foods contributes to better overall health outcomes. Overall, the Mediterranean diet serves as a viable strategy for mitigating obesity rates in Southern European populations, fostering healthier lifestyle choices and enhancing community well-being. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social cognitive theory (SCT), ecological systems theory and self-determination theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the effect of Mediterranean diet on obesity rates in Southern Europe. Public health practitioners should implement community-based programs that promote MD adherence, focusing on cooking classes, local food markets, and nutrition education. Policymakers should formally incorporate the MD into national dietary guidelines across Southern Europe.