Influence of Parental Gender Roles on Children's Academic Performance

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of parental gender roles on children's academic performance. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that traditional gender roles can significantly shape educational outcomes. Studies show that when parents adhere to traditional roles—where fathers are the primary breadwinners and mothers are primarily responsible for childcare—children often receive different types of academic support. Typically, mothers are more involved in daily school activities and homework, which can positively impact children's performance, especially in early education. Conversely, fathers' involvement, though less frequent, tends to influence children's attitudes towards subjects like mathematics and science, promoting a stronger interest and performance in these areas. However, modern shifts towards more egalitarian roles, where both parents share responsibilities more equally, have been associated with better overall academic outcomes, suggesting that balanced parental involvement can provide a more supportive learning environment for children. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social role theory, family systems theory and social learning theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the influence of parental gender roles on children's academic performance. Understanding the impact of parental gender roles on children's academic performance informs practical strategies to enhance parental involvement in education. Policy recommendations stemming from research on parental gender roles and children's academic performance focus on creating supportive frameworks that promote gender equality and equitable educational opportunities.