Effect of Gender Stereotypes on Career Choices among College Students in Rwanda

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of gender stereotypes on career choices among college students in Rwanda. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that stereotypes often influence the subjects and fields students feel they can pursue, with societal expectations steering women towards traditionally 'feminine' careers in fields like education and healthcare, while men are encouraged to enter 'masculine' domains such as engineering and technology. Study indicates that these biases start early, with girls and boys internalizing gender-specific expectations about their abilities and interests. As a result, women remain underrepresented in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields, despite equal or superior academic performance compared to their male peers. Addressing these stereotypes through targeted interventions and supportive environments is crucial for promoting gender equity in career choices and ensuring diverse talent across all fields. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social cognitive career theory (SCCT), social role theory and expectancy-value theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the effect of gender stereotypes on career choices among college students in Rwanda. In terms of practical contributions, implementing gender-sensitive career counseling practices is crucial. From a policy perspective, enforcing equal opportunity policies is imperative. Advocating for and implementing policies that promote equal opportunities for all students, regardless of gender, in accessing internships, leadership positions, and career development resources can mitigate the impact of gender stereotypes on career choices. Moreover, incorporating gender diversity in education policies is essential.