Influence of Terrorism on Foreign Policy Changes in Western Democracies

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of terrorism on foreign policy changes in western democracies. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study found that influence of terrorism on foreign policy changes significantly impacts how nations shape their international strategies. In response to terrorist threats, states often prioritize security measures over diplomatic engagement, adjusting their policies to enhance national safety. For instance, many countries adopt more aggressive military strategies, increase intelligence sharing, and boost counter-terrorism funding, especially noticeable in the aftermath of major attacks. Additionally, terrorism can lead to the formation of new alliances or the strengthening of existing partnerships, as collaborative efforts in counter-terrorism become essential in diplomatic relations. Conversely, some nations may exhibit isolationist tendencies, withdrawing from international engagements or implementing strict immigration controls to address domestic security concerns. Overall, the interplay between terrorism and foreign policy reflects a dynamic shift toward prioritizing national security, often overshadowing traditional diplomatic initiatives. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Realism, constructivism and liberalism may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the influence of terrorism on foreign policy changes in western democracies. The practical implications of the recommendations highlighted the need for comprehensive and nuanced approaches to counter-terrorism in Western democracies. The study also recommendations that policymakers to develop more effective and ethically aligned counter-terrorism policies. By prioritizing human rights in counter-terrorism measures, governments can ensure that their responses do not undermine the democratic values they seek to protect.