Role of International Organizations in Conflict Resolution: A Case Study of the United Nations in Syria

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the role of international organizations in conflict resolution, a case study of the United Nations in Syria. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study found that united Nations (UN) plays a crucial role in conflict resolution through various mechanisms including diplomacy, peacekeeping missions, and post-conflict reconstruction efforts. The organization's unique position as an international body allows it to mediate disputes impartially and mobilize resources from its member states to address conflicts. Through its Security Council, the UN can authorize interventions and impose sanctions, aiming to prevent escalation and promote peace. Peacekeeping missions are a key tool, involving the deployment of multinational forces to maintain ceasefires and stabilize regions. Additionally, the UN supports post-conflict recovery by facilitating dialogue, rebuilding infrastructure, and fostering governance reforms to prevent the recurrence of violence. The case study of the United Nations demonstrates its ability to adapt to complex situations and its persistent efforts to uphold international peace and security, despite facing challenges such as limited resources, political constraints, and the need for greater international cooperation. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Complex interdependence theory, constructivism and critical theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the role of international organizations in conflict resolution, a case study of the United Nations in Syria. In terms of practice, international organizations should prioritize enhancing coordination and collaboration among various stakeholders involved in conflict resolution efforts in Syria. From a policy perspective, international organizations like the UN should advocate for increased political will and diplomatic engagement among key stakeholders involved in the Syrian conflict.