Effects of Plastic Pollution Mitigation Policies on Marine Life Health in Burundi

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effects of plastic pollution mitigation policies on marine life health in Burundi. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that policies such as bans on single-use plastics, stricter waste management regulations, and initiatives to reduce plastic production have contributed to a noticeable decrease in plastic debris in marine environments. Studies indicate that regions with stringent policies have experienced reductions in marine species' ingestion of plastic, entanglement incidents, and subsequent mortality rates. Furthermore, the recovery of habitats such as coral reefs and coastal ecosystems has been observed, promoting biodiversity and resilience. Marine animals, from small invertebrates to large mammals, are benefiting from cleaner habitats, leading to improved overall health and population stability. These findings underscore the critical role of effective policy implementation in mitigating plastic pollution and enhancing marine life health, highlighting the necessity for global cooperation and sustained efforts in environmental governance. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Environmental governance theory, ecological modernization theory and social-ecological systems theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the effects of plastic pollution mitigation policies on marine life health in Burundi. In practice, enhancing recycling programs by implementing advanced recycling technologies and expanding their reach is crucial. These programs should promote a circular economy and focus on reducing plastic waste at the source. From a policy perspective, creating and enforcing robust legal frameworks governing plastic use, recycling, and waste management is essential.