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Evaluating monetary policies in the face of the “forward guidance puzzle”
[L’évaluation des politiques monétaires face au « paradoxe des anticipations »]

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  • Stéphane Dupraz

Abstract

Following the 2008 financial crisis, many central banks used forward guidance to influence aggregate demand via expectations of future policy rates, in addition to making changes to short-term rates. The strategy was in keeping with the teachings of New Keynesian models. However, in baseline versions of these models, expectations of future interest rates have an unrealistically large effect, a phenomenon known as the “forward guidance puzzle”. To be realistic, and hence useful for monetary policy, the models need to incorporate new assumptions that dampen the effect of future rates. Assuming that expectations are boundedly rational appears to be the most promising approach. Suite à la crise financière de 2008, de nombreuses banques centrales ont eu recours à un guidage des anticipations (« forward guidance ») pour agir sur la demande globale à travers les anticipations de taux directeurs futurs, en plus des variations de taux décidées à court terme. Elles ont suivi en cela les enseignements des modèles de la nouvelle économie keynésienne. Dans leurs versions standards, toutefois, les anticipations des taux d’intérêt futurs ont des effets bien trop forts pour être crédibles, ce que l’on nomme le « forward guidance puzzle » (paradoxe des anticipations). Pour être réalistes, et donc utiles à la politique monétaire, les modèles doivent incorporer de nouvelles hypothèses qui atténuent l’effet des taux futurs. L’hypothèse d’anticipations à rationalité limitée semble être l’approche la plus prometteuse.

Suggested Citation

  • Stéphane Dupraz, 2024. "Evaluating monetary policies in the face of the “forward guidance puzzle” [L’évaluation des politiques monétaires face au « paradoxe des anticipations »]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 253.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2024:253:01
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