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The increase in the money supply during the Covid crisis: analysis and implications
[L’augmentation de la masse monétaire pendant la crise Covid : analyse et implications]

Author

Listed:
  • Louis Bê Duc
  • Jean-Charles Bricongne
  • Matthieu Bussière
  • Cristina Jude
  • Adrian Penalver
  • Franck Sédillot
  • Miklos Vari
  • Yann Wicky

Abstract

Following the Covid crisis, the money supply grew at historically high rates in the euro area and in the United States in 2020, before reverting to a more moderate growth trend in 2021. These developments were due to significant money creation by central banks and commercial banks, supported by purchases of government securities. In parallel, government debt issuance also reached peak levels amid efforts to cope with the consequences of the health crisis. This article explains the main mechanisms driving these developments and explores the relationship between this additional monetary creation and the price level. À la suite de la crise Covid, la masse monétaire a augmenté à des rythmes historiquement élevés dans la zone euro et aux États-Unis en 2020, avant de revenir sur une tendance d’augmentation plus modérée en 2021. Cette évolution est due à une importante création monétaire par les banques centrales et les banques commerciales, soutenue par l’achat de titres publics. Parallèlement, les émissions de dette publique ont également atteint des sommets pour faire face aux conséquences de la crise sanitaire. Cet article explique les principaux mécanismes à l’origine de ces évolutions et explore également les relations entre ce surcroît de création monétaire et le niveau des prix.

Suggested Citation

  • Louis Bê Duc & Jean-Charles Bricongne & Matthieu Bussière & Cristina Jude & Adrian Penalver & Franck Sédillot & Miklos Vari & Yann Wicky, 2022. "The increase in the money supply during the Covid crisis: analysis and implications [L’augmentation de la masse monétaire pendant la crise Covid : analyse et implications]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 239.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2022:239:02
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