An Elliptical Slot Ring Defected Ground Structure (ESR-DGS) Based Antenna Design for 5G Applications

Purpose: Continuous demand is for precise and compact systems that operate with 5G wireless technologies. The size and compactness of devices play a major role in developing communication systems, especially in 5G applications. One of the main components in 5G systems is the antenna system; it should be designed to meet 5G requirements. In this article, a microstrip antenna is designed with a resonant frequency of 12 GHz using an FR4 substrate with an overall size of 15x15x1.6 mm3 for 5G applications. Methodology: The patch is etched with an inverted-F slot with optimized dimensions of 0.5x2.5 mm2 and 0.5x5.5 mm2 to perform a resonant frequency of 6.2 GHz. The antenna is optimized to operate with 5.38 GHz with the same dimensions using double elliptical slots ring resonators (ESR) defective ground plane (DGND) with outer radii of (5 mm, and 4 mm) and inner of (4.25 mm, and 3.25 mm) with gap-space of 0.25 mm between them to perform a size reduction ratio of 82.558%. Findings: This allows the antenna to operate with 5G applications such as WiFi and WiMAX. The antenna can be fabricated easily on an FR4 substrate with height, permittivity, and loss tangents of 1.6 mm, 4.3, and 0.02. It also can be implemented with metamaterial and studied/analyzed of the other antenna's performance for further size reduction. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The antenna configuration supports up to 82.558% size reduction. The proposed structure operates with return loss, gain, radiation efficiency, and bandwidth of -37 dB, 2.21 dB, 75.8%, and 122.2 MHz from (5.4417-5.3195) GHz respectively.