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Un estudio de las brechas municipales en calidad educativa en Colombia: 2000-2012

Author

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  • Osmar Leandro Loaiza Quintero

    (Universidad Nacional de Colombia)

  • Osmar Leandro Loaiza Quintero

    (Universidad Nacional de Colombia)

Abstract

Este artículo pretende estudiar las desigualdades regionales en materia del rendimiento educativo a nivel de básica secundaria, para el periodo 2007-2012, en los municipios colombianos. La calidad educativa municipal se mide a través de los resultados de la prueba Saber 11, aplicada a estudiantes de último grado. Para tal efecto, se utiliza un enfoque de convergencia, pero a diferencia de la literatura convencional, se vincula al análisis el componente espacial o geográfico como determinante del rendimiento educativo, y variable explicativa de las altas desigualdades educativas del país. Los resultados muestran que el rendimiento educativo de los municipios no presenta un proceso de convergencia en todas las áreas del conocimiento, sino que, por el contrario, los municipios se agrupan (conforman clústeres) de acuerdo a su nivel de calidad educativa. Además, se encuentra que el nivel de calidad educativa del vecindario tiene una fuerte influencia sobre las probabilidades que tiene un municipio de escalar o descender en la distribución de la calidad educativa.

Suggested Citation

  • Osmar Leandro Loaiza Quintero & Osmar Leandro Loaiza Quintero, 2016. "Un estudio de las brechas municipales en calidad educativa en Colombia: 2000-2012," Revista ESPE - Ensayos sobre Política Económica, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, vol. 34(79), pages 3-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:ensayo:v:34:y:2016:i:79:p:3-20
    DOI: 10.1016/j.espe.2016.01.001
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    Keywords

    Calidad educativa; Convergencia; Estadística espacial; Cadenas de Markov; Kernel estocástica;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models

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