Barriers to Quality Early Childhood Education Development in Keta Municipality, Ghana: A Focus on Teacher and Infrastructure Factors

This study investigates the barriers to quality early childhood education development (ECED) in Keta Municipality, Ghana, with a specific focus on teacher-related and infrastructural challenges. Through a systematic literature review, the research explores the impact of inadequate teacher training, low motivation, and limited professional support on educational outcomes. Infrastructural deficiencies, including overcrowded classrooms, poor sanitation, and a lack of teaching materials, further exacerbate these challenges, creating an interdependent cycle that hinders effective ECED implementation. The findings reveal that systemic reforms are required to address these barriers holistically, emphasizing the importance of empowering educators, improving physical facilities, and fostering community collaboration. Practical recommendations are provided to guide policymakers, schools, and communities toward implementing sustainable strategies that align with Sustainable Development Goal 4. By addressing these interconnected issues, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the systemic challenges facing ECED in resource-constrained contexts and offers actionable pathways for improvement.