Isolation, Identification and Detection of Campylobacter Fetus from Dairy & Poultry Products and Development of PCR

Campylobacters spp. are mainly responsible for gastrointestinal infections. The main source of infection is the consumption of contaminated or undercooked meat (especially poultry products), unpasteurized dairy products and untreated water. It is a type of zoonotic disease where it spreads through feces and mouth. Campylobacter species are widespread among warm-blooded animals, so they are found in food animals such as poultry, cattle, pigs, sheep and ostriches. Therefore, animal samples were used in this study. The most common causes of this infection are Campylobacter jejuni (C.jejuni), Campylobacter coli (C.coli) and Campylobacter fetus (C. fetus). Molecular techniques such as multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) have been optimized to detect these species. Campylobacter fetus was initially divided into two subspecies to reconcile significant epidemiological, clinical, and biochemical differences between the two similar taxa, which were later shown to be highly related at the genomic level. Campylobacter fetus occurs mainly in the intestines of cattle and sheep and can cause spontaneous abortion in both animals.