Developing Robust Carbon Capture and Storage Laws in Malaysia Insights from Australia and the United States of America

Malaysia’s per capita carbon emissions were among the highest, necessitating serious measures by implementing strong environmental policies. This article critically analysed various factors affecting Malaysia’s efforts to combat climate change, emphasising the role of Carbon Capture and Storage. Drawing from established frameworks in Australia and the United States, it explored necessary changes to enhance Malaysia’s Carbon Capture and Storage legal framework. The study examined the country’s Carbon Capture and Storage policy against international standards, identifying financial, technological, and regulatory barriers. It also highlighted the lack of economic incentives, government support, and a comprehensive regulatory framework for Carbon Capture and Storage infrastructure. Special attention was given to transboundary CO₂ transportation and storage, considering Malaysia’s legal obligations under international agreements like the London Protocol. The research synthesised insights and provided key recommendations for enhancing Malaysia’s Carbon Capture and Storage legal framework to promote sustainability and long-term carbon emission reduction.