Teachers’ Experiences in Using the A-P-E (Alam-Pagsasabuhay-Epekto) Diagram as a Reflection Tool in World History Classes

Arabica coffee is an exotic commodity whose demand continues to grow every year. Agribusiness is an important aspect of the development of Arabica coffee commodities, agribusiness consists of four subsystems namely production facilities subsystem, on-farm subsystem, processing subsystem, and marketing subsystem. This study aims to analyze the effect of each subsystem on the income of Arabica coffee agribusiness and the influence between agribusiness subsystems on Arabica coffee agribusiness. This study used the PLS-SEM method with Warp-PLS software. The test results show that there is a positive and significant influence between the production facilities and infrastructure subsystem variables on the Arabica coffee agribusiness income, the marketing subsystem variable to the Arabica coffee agribusiness income variable, the production facilities and infrastructure subsystem variable, the influence of the farming subsystem variable on the processing subsystem variable, the processing subsystem variable on the marketing subsystem variable. Then it is known that there is a positive influence and no significant effect or a weak level of significance between the farming subsystem variables on the Arabica coffee agribusiness income variable, and there is a negative influence and there is a significant influence between the processing subsystem variables on the income variable of Arabica coffee agribusiness.