Damage to the Mangrove Forest Ecosystem in Wosi Village Manokwari Regency West Papua Indonesia

Mangrove ecosystems are ecosystems consisting of coastal plants dominated by several types of mangroves that are able to grow and develop in coastal intertidal areas and river banks. This study aims to study the effect of the economic activities of the population on damage to the mangrove forest ecosystem in Kali Dinginin Wosi Village, West Manokwari District. The research method was descriptive research by collecting data through interviews and observations of 78 people. The results showed that the economic activities of the population can cause damage to the mangrove forest ecosystem in Wosi Manokwari village. Some areas of the mangrove forest ecosystem have transferred the function into residential land (making kiosks, stalls, and market stalls) and land for development such as markets, settlements, and transportation facilities. The utilization of mangrove forest resources such as utilizing parts of the mangrove trees and marine biota to be used directly for their own needs caused the area and density of mangrove vegetation on the beach and along the banks of the Wosi River to have decreased. Meanwhile, the consequences of human activities were no habitat for spawning and breeding grounds for biota, no additional supply of nutrients to coral reef ecosystems and seagrass ecosystems, and loss of physical defense of the coast from tidal waves and currents. The dense settlements around the coastal area have an impact on the area of ​​mangroves along the coast of the Doreri Bay of Manokwari. The percentage of community contact with the forest areas of utilization of forest areas and forest products reaches 88%, with environmental services at 65%, agricultural and animal husbandry activities at 13%, and other activities at 10%.