Social Relations in Outsourcing Practices in Makassar City

This research aims to analyze and explain hegemonic social relations in outsourcing practice in Makassar city concerning; (1) the causes of hegemonic social relations among actors of the user, provider, and laborer, (2) the patterns and types of hegemonic social relation, and (3) the social and economic impacts of hegemonic social relation. This research used the kind of descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The result of this study gives more clear and deeper description concerning many kinds of meanings that are behind the fact so this research uses the phenomenological method with perspective interpretative. While the phenomenon is outsourcing practice in Makassar city. The result of this research shows that the social relation among actors user, provider, and laborer in outsourcing practice in Makassar city is not just an ordinary economic relation but it is a veiled power relation that constructs a hegemonic social relation. The hegemonic social relation is caused by some factors, namely; (a) unlimited authority owned by the user, (b) closed management applicated by the provider, (c) laborer’s less bargaining position, and (d) lost government intervention. The four causes create the patterns and types of hegemonic social relations in outsourcing practice, namely; (1) absolute hegemony by the user toward provider and laborer, job outsourcing (job transfer), job responsibility transfer, and the use of manpower and more work time, (2) semi-hegemony by provider toward laborer by the action of transferring laborer from one user to others, and (3) absolute hegemonized toward laborer by both user and provider through the use of laborer’s work power by the user, outsourcing of laborer from one user to others done by the provider. the fact, outsourcing practice benefits the capitalists (user and provider), on the contrary, it harms the laborer.