The Death of Ivan Ilych: A Poignant Story of Psychological and Social Reality

Set against the backdrop of nineteenth-century Russia, the novella The Death of Ivan Ilych delves into the life and ultimate demise of the protagonist, Ivan Ilych. Leo Tolstoy skillfully presents the psychological aspects of Ivan Ilych’s existence with his intricate narrative style, thoughtful analysis, and true-to-life characterization. This paper attempts to find how Tolstoy explores the universal human struggle between external societal expectations and the internal desires of the individual through the protagonist of the novella. As the story progresses, we see how Ivan’s life, initially driven by social ambition and conformity, gradually erodes as he confronts the harsh reality of his forthcoming death. Besides, Tolstoy also exposes the hypocritical nature of societal norms and conventions, unmasking the shallowness and moral emptiness that underlie its seemingly respectable camouflage. For this research, the analytical research method has been followed. For materials, primary and secondary sources have been used. The findings of the paper indicate the existential crisis and the spiritual renewal of the title character. This is the first time attempt has been made by the author to find the social and psychological reality that dominated 19th-century Russian society. This paper has not been published in conference or seminar proceedings and journals.