Development and Validation of English-Igbo Soccer Terms: The Dynamic Equivalence Translation Approach

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the performance of climate-smart agriculture projects for smallholder farmers in Nakuru County, Kenya. The study set out to arrest the challenge of lack of equivalent terms in the Igbo language of soccer terms, a game that has gained the widest popularity in Nigeria, especially among the Igbo speaking population. The major aims of the study were to develop English-Igbo soccer terms through translation and to ascertain the validity and reliability indices of the terms translated. The primary source of data was a glossary of 387 soccer terms sourced from related literature. After translation and restructuring by experts, a research sample of one hundred face and content validated terms were obtained. The framework of analysis rested on Eugene Nida’s theory of Dynamic Equivalence. The one hundred face and content validated English-Igbo terms were subjected to reliability test using the Cronbach alpha scale, which showed a high reliability level. The major contributions made by this study were the development and validation of English-Igbo soccer terms. The study recommended, inter-alia, that the terms developed and validated should be standardized and adopted by the government of Nigeria and the Society for Promoting Igbo Language and Culture (SPILC).