Development of recommendations for the selection of mechanization means for the liquidation of emission funnel generated as a result of the explosion of projectles and rockets

The object of research is the mechanization of the process of eliminating emission funnels on the earth's surface, formed as a result of explosions of shells and rockets. The problem being solved in the work is related to the military operations on the territory of Ukraine, because of which thousands of hectares of land appeared, disturbed as a result of explosions of shells and missiles, excluding their further effective use without restoration. The first step in the restoration of such lands is backfilling by means of mechanization, however, due to the different sizes of the formed emission funnels, there is no universal equipment for achieving the set goals. In the course of the work, the main types of disturbances of the earth's surface, formed as a result of the explosion of shells, represented by emission funnels in open areas, were determined. It has been established that the number of disturbed soil layers as a result of the formation of a funnel depends on its depth. Efficient methods of mechanization of backfilling of emission funnels in accordance with their parameters are proposed. Schemes of five main types of emission funnels are presented, taking into account the number of soil layers disturbed as a result of the explosion, which make it possible to determine the sequence of restoration of disturbed areas of the earth's surface. It has been established that the dependence of the volume of emission funnels on their depth is a power law, while the angle of inclination of the slopes also has a significant effect on the value of the funnel volume. It has been determined that with an increase in the funnel depth from 1 to 10 m, its volume increases from 350 to 450 times depending on the funnel slope angle, and an increase in the funnel slope angle by 28 % from 35° to 45° leads to an increase in its volume by 95 %, and the area by 98 %. The recommendations developed in the work on the choice of mechanization means for the elimination of emission funnels formed as a result of explosions of shells and rockets, depending on the depth of the funnel, can be used in practice. The established dependences of the required time for backfilling the emission funnels on their depth can be used for a preliminary assessment of the cost of restoration work, depending on the chosen means of mechanization and the volume of emission funnels.