The Correctional Process in Russian Penitentiary Institutions

The correctional process in Russian penitentiary institutions during the performance of criminal penalties is organized through the implementation of the basic means of convict correction, which include regime, socially useful work, educational work, general education, vocational training, as well as social impact. This complex procedure is quite diverse. The mechanism of correction also affects not only the norms of the penal enforcement legislation, but also the norms of the criminal as well as the criminal procedure laws. More than 20 years have even passed since the introduction of Criminal-Procedural Code of the Russian Federation. During this period, the socio-political and economic situation of Russian state has changed. So, in particular, crime has transformed its characteristics. The modern realities of life also compel the state and the legislator to search for new adequate and effective forms and legal instruments that allow for an effective corrective impact on individuals serving a sentence of imprisonment. In this respect, the authors paid attention to the importance of convict safety provision during the period of a criminal penalty. In addition, the article revealed the main theoretical approaches to the definition of convict correction degree and the problem of criterion establishment for its evaluation.