IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/arh/jrujec/v11y2025i1p1-26.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The multifaceted impact of international sanctions on economic freedom: Empirical insights from a cross-national analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Nataliia Vlasova

    (University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China)

  • Ahmed Alwadeai

    (Shandong Xiehe University, Jinan, China)

Abstract

This study investigates the multifaceted relationship between international sanctions and economic freedom, treating it not simply as an economic construct but as a fundamental pillar of societal well-being. Drawing upon a panel dataset of 21 countries subjected to sanctions between 2002 and 2022, we analyze the impact of sanctions — both economic and non-economic — on overall and component-level economic freedom. Methodologically, we integrate Panel-Corrected Standard Errors, Feasible Generalized Least Squares, and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling, thereby addressing issues such as heteroskedasticity, autocorrelation, and the complexity of multiple interdependent relationships. Our findings reveal a consistent negative effect of sanctions on economic freedom, although the severity and channels of impact vary according to the nature and source of the sanctions, as well as the institutional and temporal contexts. Notably, sanctions imposed by the United Nations emerge as particularly constraining for property rights and monetary freedom, while trade and financial restrictions curtail investment and market openness. At the same time, sanctioned states demonstrate varying degrees of resilience, adapting policies and seeking alternative markets to mitigate sanctions. These outcomes underline the dual nature of sanctions as powerful tools of international diplomacy that can inadvertently undermine economic freedom. By illuminating these dynamics, our study offers insights for policymakers and scholars alike, emphasizing the importance of tailoring sanctions to limit harm to economic liberties while pursuing legitimate foreign policy objectives.

Suggested Citation

  • Nataliia Vlasova & Ahmed Alwadeai, 2025. "The multifaceted impact of international sanctions on economic freedom: Empirical insights from a cross-national analysis," Russian Journal of Economics, ARPHA Platform, vol. 11(1), pages 1-26, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:arh:jrujec:v:11:y:2025:i:1:p:1-26
    DOI: 10.32609/j.ruje.11.145396
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://rujec.org/article/145396/
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.32609/j.ruje.11.145396?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Keywords

    international sanctions economic freedom geopolitical risks.;

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F38 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Financial Policy: Financial Transactions Tax; Capital Controls
    • F52 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - National Security; Economic Nationalism

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:arh:jrujec:v:11:y:2025:i:1:p:1-26. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Teodor Georgiev (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://rujec.org/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.