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Dietary supplements and physical exercise affecting bone and body composition in frail elderly persons

Author

Listed:
  • De Jong, N.
  • Chin A Paw, M.J.M.
  • De Groot, L.C.P.G.M.
  • Hiddink, G.J.
  • Van Staveren, W.A.

Abstract

Objectives. This study determined the effect of enriched foods and all- around physical exercise on bone and body composition in frail elderly persons. Methods: A 17-week randomized, controlled intervention trial, following a 2x2 factorial design - (1) enriched foods, (2) exercise; (3) both, or (4) neither - was performed in 143 frail elderly persons (aged 78.6±5.6 years). Foods were enriched with multiple micronutrients; exercises focused on skill training, including strength, endurance, coordination, and flexibility. Main outcome parameters were bone and body composition. Results. Exercise preserved lean mass (mean difference between exercisers and nonexercisers: 0.5 kg ± 1.2 kg; P<.02). Groups receiving enriched food had slightly increased bone mineral density (+0.4%), bone mass (+0.6%), and bone calcium (+0.6%) compared with groups receiving nonenriched foods, in whom small decreases of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%, respectively, were found. These groups differed in bone mineral density (0.006±0.020 g/cm2; P=.08), total bone mass (19±g; P=.04), and bone calcium (8±21 g; P=.03). Conclusions. Foods containing a physiologic dose of micronutrients slightly increased bone density, mass, and calcium, whereas moderately intense exercise preserved lean body mass in frail elderly persons.

Suggested Citation

  • De Jong, N. & Chin A Paw, M.J.M. & De Groot, L.C.P.G.M. & Hiddink, G.J. & Van Staveren, W.A., 2000. "Dietary supplements and physical exercise affecting bone and body composition in frail elderly persons," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 90(6), pages 947-954.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:2000:90:6:947-954_6
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