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Neighborhood environment and self-reported health status: A multilevel analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Malmström, M.
  • Sundquist, J.
  • Johansson, S.-E.

Abstract

Objectives. This study examined whether neighborhood socioeconomic environment helps to explain the proportion of community members with self- reported poor health status. Methods. A random sample of 9240 persons aged 25 to 74 years were interviewed during 1988 and 1989. The socioeconomic environment of each respondent's neighborhood was measured with the Care Need Index (CNI) and the Townsend score. The data were analyzed with a multilevel model adjusted for the independent variables. The second-level variables were the 2 neighborhood scores. Results. There was a clear gradient for poor health and education within every CNI interval so that with an increasing CNI (indicating more deprivation), the prevalence of poor health increased in all 3 education groups (P = .001). In the full model, decreasing educational level, obesity, length and frequency of smoking, physical inactivity, and increasing CNI were associated with poor health. Persons living in the most deprived neighborhoods had a prevalence ratio of 1.69 (95% confidence interval = 1.44, 1.98) for poor health compared with those living in the most affluent areas. Conclusions. Both neighborhood socioeconomic environment and individual educational status are associated with self-reported poor health.

Suggested Citation

  • Malmström, M. & Sundquist, J. & Johansson, S.-E., 1999. "Neighborhood environment and self-reported health status: A multilevel analysis," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 89(8), pages 1181-1186.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1999:89:8:1181-1186_5
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    Cited by:

    1. Mark E. Votruba & Jeffrey R. Kling, 2005. "Effects of Neighborhood Characteristics on the Mortality of Black Male Youth: Evidence From Gautreaux," Working Papers 95, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Center for Economic Policy Studies..
    2. Thompson, Tess & Rodebaugh, Thomas L. & Pérez, Maria & Struthers, James & Sefko, Julianne A. & Lian, Min & Schootman, Mario & Jeffe, Donna B., 2016. "Influence of neighborhood-level factors on social support in early-stage breast cancer patients and controls," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 55-63.
    3. Zhang, Wei & Ta, Van M., 2009. "Social connections, immigration-related factors, and self-rated physical and mental health among Asian Americans," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(12), pages 2104-2112, June.
    4. Schönwälder, Karen (Ed.), 2007. "Residential segregation and the integration of immigrants: Britain, the Netherlands and Sweden," Discussion Papers, Programme on Intercultural Conflicts and Societal Integration (AKI) SP IV 2007-602, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    5. Sundquist, Kristina & Theobald, Holger & Yang, Min & Li, Xinjun & Johansson, Sven-Erik & Sundquist, Jan, 2006. "Neighborhood violent crime and unemployment increase the risk of coronary heart disease: A multilevel study in an urban setting," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(8), pages 2061-2071, April.
    6. Aradhyula, Satheesh V. & Rahman, Tauhidur, 2008. "Socioeconomic Status, Neighborhood, Household Behavior, and Children's Health in the United States: Evidence from Children's Health Survey Data," 2008 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2008, Orlando, Florida 6244, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    7. Youngkook Kim, 2016. "Impacts of the perception of physical environments and the actual physical environments on self-rated health," International Journal of Urban Sciences, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(1), pages 73-87, March.
    8. Wen, Ming & Hawkley, Louise C. & Cacioppo, John T., 2006. "Objective and perceived neighborhood environment, individual SES and psychosocial factors, and self-rated health: An analysis of older adults in Cook County, Illinois," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(10), pages 2575-2590, November.
    9. Nieuwenhuis, Jaap, 2020. "Neighborhood social capital and adolescents’ individual health development," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    10. Lindstrom, Martin & Axen, Elin & Lindstrom, Christine & Beckman, Anders & Moghaddassi, Mahnaz & Merlo, Juan, 2006. "Social capital and administrative contextual determinants of lack of access to a regular doctor: A multilevel analysis in southern Sweden," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(2-3), pages 153-164, December.
    11. Arku, Godwin & Luginaah, Isaac & Mkandawire, Paul & Baiden, Philip & Asiedu, Alex B., 2011. "Housing and health in three contrasting neighbourhoods in Accra, Ghana," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(11), pages 1864-1872, June.
    12. Hutchinson, Rebbeca N. & Putt, Mary A. & Dean, Lorraine T. & Long, Judith A. & Montagnet, Chantal A. & Armstrong, Katrina, 2009. "Neighborhood racial composition, social capital and black all-cause mortality in Philadelphia," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(10), pages 1859-1865, May.
    13. Borrell, Luisa N. & Kiefe, Catarina I. & Williams, David R. & Diez-Roux, Ana V. & Gordon-Larsen, Penny, 2006. "Self-reported health, perceived racial discrimination, and skin color in African Americans in the CARDIA study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(6), pages 1415-1427, September.
    14. Jennings, Jacky M. & Hensel, Devon J. & Tanner, Amanda E. & Reilly, Meredith L. & Ellen, Jonathan M., 2014. "Are social organizational factors independently associated with a current bacterial sexually transmitted infection among urban adolescents and young adults?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 52-60.
    15. Lei, Lei, 2017. "The impact of community context on children's health and nutritional status in China," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 172-181.
    16. Vânia Rocha & Ana Isabel Ribeiro & Milton Severo & Henrique Barros & Sílvia Fraga, 2017. "Neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation and health-related quality of life: A multilevel analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(12), pages 1-16, December.
    17. Wight, Richard G. & Cummings, Janet R. & Miller-Martinez, Dana & Karlamangla, Arun S. & Seeman, Teresa E. & Aneshensel, Carol S., 2008. "A multilevel analysis of urban neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and health in late life," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(4), pages 862-872, February.
    18. Zhang, Wei & McCubbin, Hamilton & McCubbin, Laurie & Chen, Qi & Foley, Shirley & Strom, Ida & Kehl, Lisa, 2010. "Education and self-rated health: An individual and neighborhood level analysis of Asian Americans, Hawaiians, and Caucasians in Hawaii," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(4), pages 561-569, February.
    19. Diehl, Katharina & Schneider, Sven, 2011. "How relevant are district characteristics in explaining subjective health in Germany? - A multilevel analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(7), pages 1205-1210, April.

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