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Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1976 through 1994

Author

Listed:
  • McQuillan, G.M.
  • Coleman, P.J.
  • Kruszon-Moran, D.
  • Moyer, L.A.
  • Lambert, S.B.
  • Margolis, H.S.

Abstract

Objectives. Data from 2 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), NHANES II (1976-1980 and NHANES III (1988-1994), were analyzed to examine trends in the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the United States. Methods. Serum specimens were tested for markers of hepatitis B virus infection, and risk factors were determined from questionnaires. Results. The overall age-adjusted prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was 5.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.8, 6.2) in NHANES II, as compared with 4.9% (95% CI = 4.3, 5.6) in NHANES III. In both surveys, Black participants had the highest prevalence of infection (NHANES II, 15.8%; NHANES III, 11.9%). No differences in infection were found in the major racial groups between surveys, except for a decrease among those older than 50 years. Black race, increasing number of lifetime sexual partners, and foreign birth had the strongest independent associations with hepatitis B virus infection. Conclusions. Testing of participants in 2 national surveys demonstrates no significant decrease in hepatitis B virus infection, despite the availability of hepatitis B vaccine.

Suggested Citation

  • McQuillan, G.M. & Coleman, P.J. & Kruszon-Moran, D. & Moyer, L.A. & Lambert, S.B. & Margolis, H.S., 1999. "Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1976 through 1994," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 89(1), pages 14-18.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1999:89:1:14-18_6
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    Cited by:

    1. David W. Hutton & Margaret L. Brandeau & Samuel K. So, 2011. "Doing Good with Good OR: Supporting Cost-Effective Hepatitis B Interventions," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 41(3), pages 289-300, June.

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